\u6709\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u56fd\u4f01\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5f88\u591a\u79c1\u4f01\u89c9\u5f97\u65e0\u5229\u53ef\u56fe\uff0c\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u7ed9\u67d0\u4e9b\u504f\u8fdc\u5730\u533a\u4f9b\u7535\u4f9b\u6c34\u548c\u90ae\u653f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f9d\u7136\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5916\u90e8\u6027\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u504f\u8fdc\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4f9b\u7535\u4f9b\u6c34\u548c\u90ae\u653f\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u79c1\u4f01\u81ea\u5df1\u53c8\u4e0d\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u53bb\u505a\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u548c\u56fd\u4f01\u4e0d\u56fd\u4f01\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u7136\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u79c1\u4f01\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u505a\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e8f\u672c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u51fa\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\uff08\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u6307\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u5f85\u9047\u7684\u516c\u5e73\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u56fd\u5bb6\u8865\u8d34\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u79c1\u4f01\u6765\u505a\u3002\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u79c1\u4f01\u505a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8865\u8d34\u662f\u663e\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4ece\u8d22\u653f\u4e2d\u62e8\u6b3e\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8865\u8d34\u7684\uff1b\u800c\u56fd\u4f01\u505a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u8865\u8d34\u662f\u9690\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u5229\u6da6\u5c31\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u6536\u5165\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f9d\u7136\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u4ece\u8d22\u653f\u6536\u5165\u4e2d\u8865\u8d34\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u65e0\u8bba\u663e\u6027\u6216\u8005\u9690\u6027\uff0c\u5f53\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u5e76\u65e0\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5047\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u53d1\u8fbe\uff08D\uff09\u548c\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\uff08UD\uff09\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6210\u672c\u7edf\u4e00\u4e3a\u00a0c<\/span>\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u652f\u4ed8\u610f\u613f\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u80fd\u4ece\u8fd9\u9879\u670d\u52a1\u91cc\u9762\u83b7\u5f97\u00a0u_d<\/span>\u00a0\u7684\u6548\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u652f\u4ed8\u610f\u613f\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u80fd\u4ece\u8fd9\u9879\u670d\u52a1\u91cc\u9762\u83b7\u5f97\u00a0u_{ud}<\/span>\u00a0\u7684\u6548\u7528\uff08\u8fd9\u91cc\u5982\u679c\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u5047\u8bbe\u670d\u52a1\u6210\u672c\u6709\u533a\u522b\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff09\u3002\u5047\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u90fd\u67091\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u4f01\u4e1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u533a\u522b\u5b9a\u4ef7\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ef7\u683c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e3a\u00a0u_d<\/span>\u00a0\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u90fd\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ef7\u683c\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u5b9a\u4e3a u_{ud}<\/span>\u00a0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5229\u6da6\u4e3a\u00a0u_d -c<\/span>\u00a0\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5229\u6da6\u4e3a\u00a02(u_{ud}-c)\u00a0<\/span>\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u00a0c>2u_{ud}-u_d<\/span>\u00a0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5c31\u4f1a\u53ea\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4f46\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u90fd\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u8fd9\u4e2a\u957f\u671f\u6536\u76ca\u4e3a\u00a0\\pi_l<\/span>\u00a0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u663e\u7136\u5f53\u00a0\\pi_l<\/span>\u00a0\u8db3\u591f\u5927\uff0c\u5927\u5230\u5f25\u8865\u56e0\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u6b20\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u800c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5229\u6da6\u635f\u5931\u00a0u_d+c-2u_{ud}<\/span>\u00a0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u5c31\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5982\u679c\u653f\u5e9c\u60f3\u8ba9\u79c1\u4f01\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u8ba9\u79c1\u4f01\u81f3\u5c11\u80fd\u591f\u8d5a\u7684\u548c\u73b0\u5728\u4e00\u6837\u591a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8865\u8d34\u5c31\u662f\u00a0u_d+c-2u_{ud}<\/span>\u3002 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u79c1\u4f01\u56e0\u4e3a\u8981\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u800c\u5c11\u8d5a\u7684\u94b1\u3002\u800c\u56e0\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8865\u8d34\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u4ece\u7a0e\u6b3e\u91cc\u9762\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u79c1\u4f01\u5982\u679c\u575a\u6301\u4e0d\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5176\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u00a0u_d -c<\/span>\u00a0\u3002\u800c\u5982\u679c\u79c1\u4f01\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5176\u6536\u5165\u662f\u00a02(u_{ud}-c) + u_d+c-2u_{ud}=u_{d}-c<\/span>\u00a0\u3002\u4e24\u8fb9\u6536\u76ca\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u79c1\u4f01\u81ea\u7136\u613f\u610f\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5171\u540c\u521b\u9020\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u662f\u00a0\\pi_l + 2(u_{ud}-c)\u00a0<\/span>\u3002\u6b20\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u8fd8\u80fd\u5269\u4e0b\u00a0u_d – u_{ud}<\/span>\u00a0\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u793e\u4f1a\u603b\u5269\u4f59\u5c31\u662f\u00a0u_d + u_{ud}-2c+\\pi_l\u00a0<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u90a3\u4e48\u56fd\u4f01\u5462\uff1f\u56fd\u4f01\u76f4\u63a5\u88ab\u547d\u4ee4\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5176\u603b\u5229\u6da6\u662f\u00a02(u_{ud}-c)<\/span>\u00a0\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5269\u4f59\u548c\u4e0a\u9762\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u540c\u6837\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u957f\u671f\u6536\u76ca\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u793e\u4f1a\u603b\u5269\u4f59\u8fd8\u662f\u00a0u_d + u_{ud}-2c+\\pi_l\u00a0<\/span>\u3002\u56fd\u4f01\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6536\u5165\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u662f\u9690\u5f62\u7684\u8865\u8d34\u51fa\u53bb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bf4\u5230\u5e95\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u4e0b\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u4f9b\u5e94\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u4ea7\u51fa\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u79c1\u4f01\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u627f\u62c5\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u82b1\u7684\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u94b1\uff0c\u53bb\u505a\u4e8f\u672c\u4e70\u5356\u5fc3\u4e0d\u7518\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ea\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7167\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\uff1b\u800c\u56fd\u4f01\u627f\u62c5\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8865\u8d34\u3002\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u662f\u65e0\u4e2d\u751f\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u56fd\u4f01\u4e8f\u672c\u505a\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e70\u5355\u7684\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u800c\u653f\u5e9c\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u8d22\u5bcc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4f46\u662f\u6839\u636e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u56fd\u4f01\u548c\u79c1\u4f01\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u533a\u522b\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u6709\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u5462\uff1f\u5176\u5b9e\u8bf4\u5230\u5e95\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u79d1\u65af\u5b9a\u7406\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4ea4\u6613\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5728\u56fd\u4f01-\u79c1\u4f01\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u5047\u5b9a\u4e86\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4ea4\u6613\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5408\u540c\u662f\u4e00\u5b9a\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u4ea7\u6743\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u9996\u5148\u662f\u6536\u7a0e\u7684\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5047\u5b9a\u56fd\u4f01\u548c\u79c1\u4f01\u8d5a\u7684\u5229\u6da6\u90fd\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u653f\u5e9c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u62e5\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u628a\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u5229\u6da6\u53d8\u6210\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6536\u5165\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u79c1\u4f01\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u79c1\u4f01\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u5c11\u4ea4\u7a0e\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u3002\u8981\u83b7\u5f97\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u96c7\u4f63\u4eba\u624b\u67e5\u7a0e\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u4e3a\u7a0e\u52a1\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\uff0c\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u7ed9\u79c1\u4f01\u7684\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u9760\u6536\u7a0e\u6536\u4e0a\u6765\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u6536\u7a0e\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u624b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u96c7\u5458\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u8d26\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0\u03bb\u00a0\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6bcf\u6536\u4e0a\u67651\u7684\u7a0e\uff0c\u5176\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u662f\u00a0(1+\u03bb)\u00a0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u8865\u8d34\u79c1\u4f01\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u989d\u5916\u635f\u8017\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5f3a\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u56fd\u4f01\u53bb\u505a\u4e8f\u672c\u751f\u610f\uff0c\u5219\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8865\u8d34\u539f\u5730\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5176\u6b21\u662f\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u6fc0\u52b1\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5927\u7684\u79c1\u4f01\u7684\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u548c\u56fd\u4f01\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u6240\u5171\u6709\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u56fd\u4f01\u548c\u79c1\u4f01\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u79c1\u4f01\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u76f8\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8f83\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u66f4\u770b\u91cd\u5229\u6da6\uff0c\u800c\u89e3\u51b3\u9053\u5fb7\u98ce\u9669\uff08\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u5077\u61d2\u3001\u5403\u91cc\u6252\u5916\uff09\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u540c\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u91cd\u8d4f\u4e4b\u4e0b\u5fc5\u6709\u52c7\u592b\uff0c\u5728\u7ed9\u51fa\u9ad8\u989d\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u5408\u540c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u548c\u80a1\u4e1c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u8fd8\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u8fbe\u6210\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4f46\u662f\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u591a\u5143\u7684\u3002\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u6709\u5bb9\u6613\u91cf\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u5c31\u66f4\u6709\u52a8\u673a\u53bb\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u6765\u5e73\u8861\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u5e73\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684\u300c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u4e49\u300d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u56fd\u4f01\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a81\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u300c\u5f62\u5f0f\u300d\u6070\u6070\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cf\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u5176\u4e00\u3002\u5176\u4e8c\u5c31\u662f\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u5347\u804c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u2014\u2014\u79c1\u4f01\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8bf4\u4e5f\u662f\u4e92\u76f8\u4e89\u593a\u5e02\u573a\u4efd\u989d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u6027\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5171\u540c\u628a\u5e02\u573a\u505a\u5927\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u9ad8\u7ba1\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u662f\u884c\u653f\u804c\u4f4d\uff0c\u800c\u884c\u653f\u804c\u4f4d\u662f\u96f6\u548c\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f3a\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u76f8\u7834\u574f\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u5e76\u884c\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ee9\u6548\u7684\u8003\u6838\uff0c\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u8bef\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5047\u5b9a\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u52aa\u529b\u65b9\u5411\uff0c \u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u65f6\u548c\u7ee9\u6548\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u6548\u7387\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ea\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u6548\u7387\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u548c\u7ee9\u6548\u8003\u6838\u6807\u51c6\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u5927\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u663e\u7136\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u5c31\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u53ea\u5bf9\u7740\u548c\u7ee9\u6548\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u53bb\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u73af\u73af\u76f8\u6263\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u56fd\u4f01\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u517c\u987e\u5e02\u573a\u548c\u653f\u4ee4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u5bfc\u81f4\u56fd\u4f01\u65e0\u6cd5\u50cf\u79c1\u4f01\u90a3\u6837\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u4f53\u5236\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a\u8981\u4e48\u56e0\u4e3a\u6fc0\u52b1\u592a\u5f3a\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u300c\u4e0d\u542c\u8bdd\u300d\u4e86\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u56e0\u4e3a\u6fc0\u52b1\u7ed9\u504f\u4e86\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5982\u4f4e\u6fc0\u52b1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5e76\u4e14\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u8fd8\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u6fc0\u52b1\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\u3002\u79c1\u4f01\u65e0\u8bba\u8c01\u5f53\u80a1\u4e1c\uff0c\u90fd\u5e0c\u671b\u81ea\u5df1\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5e02\u503c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u8d44\u4ea7\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u56fd\u4f01\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u7684\u884c\u653f\u9886\u5bfc\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6709\u4efb\u671f\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u884c\u653f\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u4efb\u671f\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u5468\u671f\u5e76\u4e0d\u91cd\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9886\u5bfc\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5229\u6da6\u6700\u5927\u5316\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u800c\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u6709\u9884\u671f\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u5236\u5b9a\u957f\u671f\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c3d\u91cf\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u9886\u5bfc\u66f4\u6362\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9762\u4e34\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6c89\u6ca1\u6210\u672c\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6700\u540e\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u548c\u79d1\u65af\u5b9a\u7406\u6709\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u653f\u5e9c\u76ee\u6807\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u300c\u56fd\u4f01\u300d\u76f8\u6bd4\u79c1\u4f01\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u80cc\u540e\u6240\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u6fc0\u52b1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6743\u8861\u3002\u56fd\u4f01\u5bf9\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u662f\u5b98\u50da\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e0a\u7684\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u664b\u5347\uff0c\u800c\u79c1\u4f01\u5bf9\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u662f\u5e02\u573a\u62a5\u916c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5185\u90e8\u664b\u5347\u66f4\u52a0\u7684\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u7ec4\u7ec7\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u7cbe\u70bc\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6fc0\u52b1\u66f4\u5f3a\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5927\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u8bf4\u660e\u6574\u4f53\u5916\u90e8\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u6709\u6548\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8fd8\u5f88\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u6469\u64e6\u529b\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u653f\u7b56+\u8865\u8d34\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u6fc0\u52b1\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5982\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/question\/301294803\/answer\/2812237308 \u6709\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u56fd\u4f01\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5f88\u591a\u79c1\u4f01\u89c9\u5f97\u65e0\u5229\u53ef\u56fe\uff0c\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u7ed9\u67d0\u4e9b\u504f\u8fdc\u5730\u533a\u4f9b\u7535\u4f9b\u6c34\u548c\u90ae\u653f\u3002 \u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f9d\u7136\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5916\u90e8\u6027\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u504f\u8fdc\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4f9b\u7535\u4f9b\u6c34\u548c\u90ae\u653f\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u79c1\u4f01\u81ea\u5df1\u53c8\u4e0d\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u53bb\u505a\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u548c\u56fd\u4f01\u4e0d\u56fd\u4f01\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u7136\u5173\u7cfb\u3002 \u79c1\u4f01\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u505a\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e8f\u672c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u51fa\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\uff08\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u6307\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u5f85\u9047\u7684\u516c\u5e73\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u56fd\u5bb6\u8865\u8d34\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u79c1\u4f01\u6765\u505a\u3002\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u79c1\u4f01\u505a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8865\u8d34\u662f\u663e\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4ece\u8d22\u653f\u4e2d\u62e8\u6b3e\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8865\u8d34\u7684\uff1b\u800c\u56fd\u4f01\u505a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u8865\u8d34\u662f\u9690\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u5229\u6da6\u5c31\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u6536\u5165\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f9d\u7136\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u4ece\u8d22\u653f\u6536\u5165\u4e2d\u8865\u8d34\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u65e0\u8bba\u663e\u6027\u6216\u8005\u9690\u6027\uff0c\u5f53\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u5e76\u65e0\u533a\u522b\u3002 \u5047\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u53d1\u8fbe\uff08D\uff09\u548c\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\uff08UD\uff09\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6210\u672c\u7edf\u4e00\u4e3a\u00a0c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u652f\u4ed8\u610f\u613f\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u80fd\u4ece\u8fd9\u9879\u670d\u52a1\u91cc\u9762\u83b7\u5f97\u00a0u_d\u00a0\u7684\u6548\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u652f\u4ed8\u610f\u613f\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u80fd\u4ece\u8fd9\u9879\u670d\u52a1\u91cc\u9762\u83b7\u5f97\u00a0u_{ud}\u00a0\u7684\u6548\u7528\uff08\u8fd9\u91cc\u5982\u679c\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u5047\u8bbe\u670d\u52a1\u6210\u672c\u6709\u533a\u522b\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff09\u3002\u5047\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u90fd\u67091\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u4f01\u4e1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u533a\u522b\u5b9a\u4ef7\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ef7\u683c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e3a\u00a0u_d\u00a0\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u90fd\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ef7\u683c\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u5b9a\u4e3a u_{ud}\u00a0\u3002 \u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5229\u6da6\u4e3a\u00a0u_d -c\u00a0\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5229\u6da6\u4e3a\u00a02(u_{ud}-c)\u00a0\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u00a0c>2u_{ud}-u_d\u00a0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5c31\u4f1a\u53ea\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u90fd\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u8fd9\u4e2a\u957f\u671f\u6536\u76ca\u4e3a\u00a0\\pi_l\u00a0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u663e\u7136\u5f53\u00a0\\pi_l\u00a0\u8db3\u591f\u5927\uff0c\u5927\u5230\u5f25\u8865\u56e0\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u6b20\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u800c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5229\u6da6\u635f\u5931\u00a0u_d+c-2u_{ud}\u00a0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u5c31\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u4e86\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5982\u679c\u653f\u5e9c\u60f3\u8ba9\u79c1\u4f01\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u8ba9\u79c1\u4f01\u81f3\u5c11\u80fd\u591f\u8d5a\u7684\u548c\u73b0\u5728\u4e00\u6837\u591a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8865\u8d34\u5c31\u662f\u00a0u_d+c-2u_{ud}\u3002 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u79c1\u4f01\u56e0\u4e3a\u8981\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u800c\u5c11\u8d5a\u7684\u94b1\u3002\u800c\u56e0\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8865\u8d34\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u4ece\u7a0e\u6b3e\u91cc\u9762\u51fa\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u79c1\u4f01\u5982\u679c\u575a\u6301\u4e0d\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5176\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u00a0u_d -c\u00a0\u3002\u800c\u5982\u679c\u79c1\u4f01\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5176\u6536\u5165\u662f\u00a02(u_{ud}-c) + u_d+c-2u_{ud}=u_{d}-c\u00a0\u3002\u4e24\u8fb9\u6536\u76ca\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u79c1\u4f01\u81ea\u7136\u613f\u610f\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u4e86\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5171\u540c\u521b\u9020\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u662f\u00a0\\pi_l + 2(u_{ud}-c)\u00a0\u3002\u6b20\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u8fd8\u80fd\u5269\u4e0b\u00a0u_d – u_{ud}\u00a0\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u793e\u4f1a\u603b\u5269\u4f59\u5c31\u662f\u00a0u_d + u_{ud}-2c+\\pi_l\u00a0\u3002 \u90a3\u4e48\u56fd\u4f01\u5462\uff1f\u56fd\u4f01\u76f4\u63a5\u88ab\u547d\u4ee4\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5176\u603b\u5229\u6da6\u662f\u00a02(u_{ud}-c)\u00a0\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5269\u4f59\u548c\u4e0a\u9762\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u540c\u6837\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u957f\u671f\u6536\u76ca\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u793e\u4f1a\u603b\u5269\u4f59\u8fd8\u662f\u00a0u_d + u_{ud}-2c+\\pi_l\u00a0\u3002\u56fd\u4f01\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6536\u5165\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u662f\u9690\u5f62\u7684\u8865\u8d34\u51fa\u53bb\u4e86\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bf4\u5230\u5e95\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u4e0b\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u4f9b\u5e94\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u4ea7\u51fa\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002 \u79c1\u4f01\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u627f\u62c5\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u82b1\u7684\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u94b1\uff0c\u53bb\u505a\u4e8f\u672c\u4e70\u5356\u5fc3\u4e0d\u7518\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ea\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7167\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\uff1b\u800c\u56fd\u4f01\u627f\u62c5\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8865\u8d34\u3002\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u662f\u65e0\u4e2d\u751f\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u56fd\u4f01\u4e8f\u672c\u505a\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e70\u5355\u7684\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u800c\u653f\u5e9c\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u8d22\u5bcc\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\u6839\u636e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u56fd\u4f01\u548c\u79c1\u4f01\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u533a\u522b\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u6709\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u5462\uff1f\u5176\u5b9e\u8bf4\u5230\u5e95\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u79d1\u65af\u5b9a\u7406\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4ea4\u6613\u6210\u672c\u3002 \u5728\u56fd\u4f01-\u79c1\u4f01\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u5047\u5b9a\u4e86\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4ea4\u6613\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5408\u540c\u662f\u4e00\u5b9a\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u4ea7\u6743\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u3002 \u9996\u5148\u662f\u6536\u7a0e\u7684\u6210\u672c\u3002 \u5047\u5b9a\u56fd\u4f01\u548c\u79c1\u4f01\u8d5a\u7684\u5229\u6da6\u90fd\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u653f\u5e9c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u62e5\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u628a\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u5229\u6da6\u53d8\u6210\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6536\u5165\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u79c1\u4f01\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u79c1\u4f01\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u5c11\u4ea4\u7a0e\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u3002\u8981\u83b7\u5f97\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u96c7\u4f63\u4eba\u624b\u67e5\u7a0e\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u4e3a\u7a0e\u52a1\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\uff0c\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u6210\u672c\u3002 \u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u7ed9\u79c1\u4f01\u7684\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u9760\u6536\u7a0e\u6536\u4e0a\u6765\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u6536\u7a0e\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u624b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u96c7\u5458\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u8d26\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0\u03bb\u00a0\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6bcf\u6536\u4e0a\u67651\u7684\u7a0e\uff0c\u5176\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u662f\u00a0(1+\u03bb)\u00a0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u8865\u8d34\u79c1\u4f01\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u989d\u5916\u635f\u8017\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5f3a\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u56fd\u4f01\u53bb\u505a\u4e8f\u672c\u751f\u610f\uff0c\u5219\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8865\u8d34\u539f\u5730\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u5176\u6b21\u662f\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u6fc0\u52b1\u3002 \u5927\u7684\u79c1\u4f01\u7684\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u548c\u56fd\u4f01\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u6240\u5171\u6709\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u56fd\u4f01\u548c\u79c1\u4f01\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002 \u79c1\u4f01\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u76f8\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8f83\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u66f4\u770b\u91cd\u5229\u6da6\uff0c\u800c\u89e3\u51b3\u9053\u5fb7\u98ce\u9669\uff08\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u5077\u61d2\u3001\u5403\u91cc\u6252\u5916\uff09\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u540c\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u91cd\u8d4f\u4e4b\u4e0b\u5fc5\u6709\u52c7\u592b\uff0c\u5728\u7ed9\u51fa\u9ad8\u989d\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u5408\u540c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u548c\u80a1\u4e1c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u8fd8\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u8fbe\u6210\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u591a\u5143\u7684\u3002\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u6709\u5bb9\u6613\u91cf\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u5c31\u66f4\u6709\u52a8\u673a\u53bb\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u6765\u5e73\u8861\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u5e73\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684\u300c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u4e49\u300d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u56fd\u4f01\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a81\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u300c\u5f62\u5f0f\u300d\u6070\u6070\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cf\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u3002 \u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u5176\u4e00\u3002\u5176\u4e8c\u5c31\u662f\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u5347\u804c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u2014\u2014\u79c1\u4f01\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8bf4\u4e5f\u662f\u4e92\u76f8\u4e89\u593a\u5e02\u573a\u4efd\u989d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u6027\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5171\u540c\u628a\u5e02\u573a\u505a\u5927\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u9ad8\u7ba1\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u662f\u884c\u653f\u804c\u4f4d\uff0c\u800c\u884c\u653f\u804c\u4f4d\u662f\u96f6\u548c\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f3a\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u76f8\u7834\u574f\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u5e76\u884c\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ee9\u6548\u7684\u8003\u6838\uff0c\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u8bef\u5dee\u3002 \u5047\u5b9a\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u52aa\u529b\u65b9\u5411\uff0c \u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u65f6\u548c\u7ee9\u6548\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u6548\u7387\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ea\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u6548\u7387\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u548c\u7ee9\u6548\u8003\u6838\u6807\u51c6\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u5927\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u663e\u7136\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u5c31\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u53ea\u5bf9\u7740\u548c\u7ee9\u6548\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u53bb\u52aa\u529b\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u73af\u73af\u76f8\u6263\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u56fd\u4f01\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u517c\u987e\u5e02\u573a\u548c\u653f\u4ee4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u5bfc\u81f4\u56fd\u4f01\u65e0\u6cd5\u50cf\u79c1\u4f01\u90a3\u6837\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u4f53\u5236\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a\u8981\u4e48\u56e0\u4e3a\u6fc0\u52b1\u592a\u5f3a\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u300c\u4e0d\u542c\u8bdd\u300d\u4e86\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u56e0\u4e3a\u6fc0\u52b1\u7ed9\u504f\u4e86\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5982\u4f4e\u6fc0\u52b1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002 \u5e76\u4e14\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u8fd8\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u6fc0\u52b1\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u79c1\u4f01\u65e0\u8bba\u8c01\u5f53\u80a1\u4e1c\uff0c\u90fd\u5e0c\u671b\u81ea\u5df1\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5e02\u503c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u8d44\u4ea7\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u56fd\u4f01\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u7684\u884c\u653f\u9886\u5bfc\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6709\u4efb\u671f\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u884c\u653f\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u4efb\u671f\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u5468\u671f\u5e76\u4e0d\u91cd\u5408\u3002 \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9886\u5bfc\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5229\u6da6\u6700\u5927\u5316\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u800c\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u6709\u9884\u671f\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u5236\u5b9a\u957f\u671f\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c3d\u91cf\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u9886\u5bfc\u66f4\u6362\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9762\u4e34\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6c89\u6ca1\u6210\u672c\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u6700\u540e\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u548c\u79d1\u65af\u5b9a\u7406\u6709\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u653f\u5e9c\u76ee\u6807\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u300c\u56fd\u4f01\u300d\u76f8\u6bd4\u79c1\u4f01\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u80cc\u540e\u6240\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u6fc0\u52b1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6743\u8861\u3002\u56fd\u4f01\u5bf9\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u662f\u5b98\u50da\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e0a\u7684\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u664b\u5347\uff0c\u800c\u79c1\u4f01\u5bf9\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u662f\u5e02\u573a\u62a5\u916c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5185\u90e8\u664b\u5347\u66f4\u52a0\u7684\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a \u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u7ec4\u7ec7\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u7cbe\u70bc\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6fc0\u52b1\u66f4\u5f3a\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5927\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u8bf4\u660e\u6574\u4f53\u5916\u90e8\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u6709\u6548\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8fd8\u5f88\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u6469\u64e6\u529b\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u653f\u7b56+\u8865\u8d34\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u6fc0\u52b1\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5982\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\u3002 Reference https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/question\/301294803\/answer\/2812237308<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,6,25,15],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5161"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5161"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5161\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5171,"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5161\/revisions\/5171"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5161"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5161"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5161"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n\n\n\nReference<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"