{"id":5734,"date":"2024-07-03T13:43:36","date_gmt":"2024-07-03T05:43:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/?p=5734"},"modified":"2024-07-31T10:29:39","modified_gmt":"2024-07-31T02:29:39","slug":"%e5%b0%8f%e5%b2%9b%e7%bb%8f%e6%b5%8e%e5%ad%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/?p=5734","title":{"rendered":"\u5c0f\u5c9b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>by Peter D. Schiff and Andrew K. Schiff<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u4e66\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5047\u8c61\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u2014\u2014\u5c0f\u5c9b\uff0c\u8bb2\u8ff0\u5f88\u591a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u9690\u55bb\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u4ece\u5e95\u5c42\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Good Book, but mixed with authors&#8217; personal (something fair) feelings and emotions.<\/p>\n<h4>Chapter 1 \u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e00\u59cb<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Scenario 1\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c9b\u4e0a\uff08\u7f8e\u7d22\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5c9b\uff0c\u540e\u7eed11\u7ae0\u4f1a\u63d0\u53ca\uff09\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u6bcf\u5929\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u4e00\u6761\u9c7c\uff0c\u81ea\u7ed9\u81ea\u8db3\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u8d27\u5e01\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u91d1\u878detc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Life = Work + Consume<\/p>\n<p>24h = Working + Leisure<\/p>\n<p>Life = Fishing + Eating<\/p>\n<p>\u751f\u6d3b\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e &lt;=> \u5de5\u4f5c\uff08\u6355\u9c7c\uff09 + \u4eab\u53d7\uff08\u5403\u9c7c\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u5929\u670924\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6355\u9c7c\uff0c\u7528\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5403\u9c7c\u548c\u4eab\u53d7Leisure\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Scenario 2<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ebaA\u7814\u5236\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6355\u9c7c\u5de5\u5177\u2014\u2014\u6e14\u7f51\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u82b1\u4e86\u4e00\u5929\u65f6\u95f4\u5236\u4f5c\u6e14\u7f51\uff0c\u4e5f\u6328\u4e86\u4e00\u5929\u997f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>He takes the risks of starving, and create a &#8220;Capital \u6e14\u7f51&#8221; that can increase efficiency of working for long time.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Tech&#8221; <-> Capital is created, which increase the efficiency.<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u540c\u6837\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u7528\u6e14\u7f51\u6355\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9c7c\u3002\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4ed6\u6bcf\u5929\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u5403\u4e00\u6761\u9c7c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u8865\u7684\u9c7c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5b58\u8d77\u6765\u53d8\u4e3a &#8220;Saving&#8221;\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u82b1\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6355\u9c7c\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u591a\u65f6\u95f4 Leisure<\/p>\n<p>P.S. \u4ee5\u4e0b\u5747\u5047\u8bbe\u9c7cSaving \u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d8\u8d28\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7684\u4ea7\u51fa Economic Outputs<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Chapter 2 \u5206\u4eab\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ea7\u51fa<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5c0f\u5c9b\u4e0a\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e5f\u60f3\u8981\u83b7\u5f97\u6e14\u7f51\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u7387\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u6328\u997f\u4e00\u5929\u5236\u4f5c\u6e14\u7f51\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u505a\u4e0d\u51fa\u6e14\u7f51\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e A \u6709\u50a8\u84c4\uff0c\u5c9b\u4e0a\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411 A \u501f\u9c7c\u5403\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u81ea\u5df1\u5236\u4f5c\u7f51\u7684\u5f53\u5929\u8981\u6328\u997f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e A \u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 Options\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>No share saving.\n<p>\u4e0d\u501f\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5403\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u4ed6\u4eec\u505a\u4e0d\u51fa\u6e14\u7f51\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8fd8\u4e0d\u4e0a A \u501f\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9c7c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837 A \u4e0d\u4f1a\u627f\u62c5\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Share saving ( with Interests or no interest ). \u91d1\u878d\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86<\/p>\n<p>\u628a\u9c7c\u501f\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6536\u53d6\u201c\u5229\u606f\u201d\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u8981\u6c42\u501f\u51fa\u4e00\u6761\u9c7c\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e24\u6761\uff08\u5373\u5229\u606f\u662f\u4e00\u6761\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>If \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5229\u606f\u4e3a0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u662f\u518d\u514d\u8d39 share saving\uff0c<\/li>\n<li>If \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5229\u606f\u4e0d\u4e3a 0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 charge interest\uff0c\u5bf9\u65b9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u8fd8\u94b1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 A \u5c31\u4e8f\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u65b9\u8fd8\u94b1\uff0cA \u5c31\u6323\u4e86\u989d\u5916\u6536\u5165\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>The cost of the interests is the game, and we do not talk about that further. just now.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Invest the Saving.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u591a\u5236\u9020\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6e14\u7f51\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u6e14\u7f51\u6355\u66f4\u591a\u9c7c Saving\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e4b\u540e\u6d88\u8d39 Saving \u5236\u9020\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6e14\u7f51\u3002<\/p>\n<p>A \u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u8bbe\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79df\u9c7c\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5c06\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u6e14\u7f51\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u51fa\u79df\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u6323\u79df\u91d1\u3002\u5982\u679c A \u5236\u4f5c\u6e14\u7f51\u7684\u6280\u672f\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5b66\u4f1a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 A \u7684\u516c\u53f8\u5c06\u80fd\u6c38\u8fdc\u76c8\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Other Options.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4e2d\u95f4\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u54ea\u4e2a options\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u5236\u4f5c\u6e14\u7f51\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6a21\u4eff\u548c\u6284\u88ad\u7684\u6210\u672c\u548c\u96be\u5ea6\u8fdc\u8fdc\u6bd4\u521b\u65b0\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u6e14\u7f51\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5c9b\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\u90fd\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5c9b\u7684 efficiency, \u548c economic output \u90fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>A \u901a\u8fc7 tech\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c9b\u4e0a\u6700\u521d\u7684\u5bcc\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6b64\u540e\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u4e86 tech\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684 tech \u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u518d\u7279\u6b8a\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u6323\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5229\u6da6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u5982\u679c A \u6709\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u5229\u6da6\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5982\u679c A \u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5229\u6da6\u6301\u7eed\u538b\u8feb\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u793e\u4f1a\u53ef\u80fd\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a instable\u3002\u8d77\u4e49\u3001\u53d8\u9769\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u516c\u5e73\u3002The edge A have the ability of making profits is also a sociology game.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Chapter 3 Credit and Loan (Inserted)<\/h4>\n<p>In the case\uff0cA \u6709\u50a8\u84c4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u6295\u8d44 investment\uff0c\u628a\u50a8\u84c4\u4ee5\u8d37\u6b3e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6295\u8d44\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u6323\u6295\u8d44\u6536\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5546\u4e1a\u8d37\u6b3e\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u80fd\u8fd8\u94b1\u7684\u501f\u6b3e\u4eba\uff0c\u6709\u6b63\u5411\u6536\u76ca\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8d37\u6b3e\u80fd\u6536\u56de\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u65e6\u5916\u90e8\u529b\u91cf\u4ee5\u5404\u79cd\u91cc\u6709\u9f13\u52b1\u6216\u8005\u8981\u6c42\u50a8\u84c4\u8005\u501f\u51fa\u6b3e\u9879\uff0c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd8\u6b3e\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8d37\u6b3e\u4eba\u5c31\u96be\u514d\u8981\u627f\u53d7\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u653f\u5e9c\u6ca1\u6709\u50a8\u84c4\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e2a\u4eba\u624d\u6709\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d37\u6b3e\u6d41\u5411\u4e86\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fd8\u6b3e\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u50a8\u84c4\u5c31\u88ab\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6d88\u8d39\u8d37\u6b3e\uff1a\u6d88\u8d39\u8d37\u662f\u98ce\u9669\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8d37\u6b3e\u54c1\u79cd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a borrower \u62ff\u7740\u94b1\u53bb\u6d88\u8d39\u3001\u5ea6\u5047\u4e86\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u6b63\u5411\u73b0\u91d1\u6d41\u3002Creditors \u4f1a\u56e0\u6b64\u627f\u53d7\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5bf9 borrower \u548c creditor \u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u7b14\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5e94\u6025\u8d37\u6b3e\uff1a\u4e3a\u5e94\u5bf9\u7d27\u6025\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8d37\u6b3e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd borrower \u6536\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u7b14\u94b1\u5c31\u5b8c\u86cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd borrower \u56e0\u4e3a\u5feb\u5b8c\u86cb\u4e86\u624d\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u7b14\u94b1\uff0c\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u4e5f\u5f97\u5b8c\u86cb\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5f53 borrower \u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u80fd\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7531\u5916\u90e8\u56e0\u7d20\u8ba9 borrower \u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u86cb\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u501f\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6b7b\u6538\u5173\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u50a8\u84c4\u683c\u5916\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Chapter 4 How Economy Grows\uff1f<\/h4>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e Chapter 2 \u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c9b\u6c11\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u6e14\u7f51\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u6355\u9c7c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u90fd\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u6355\u4e24\u6761\u5403\u4e00\u6761\uff0c\u5c9b\u4e0a\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684 saving (Outputs,  fishes)<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u4eec\u82b1\u8d39 saving \u7684\u9c7c\uff0c\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u65f6\u95f4\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u6355\u9c7c\u673a\u5668\uff0cetc<\/p>\n<p>Technology boosts the Economy Growth.<\/p>\n<p>Saving \u50a8\u84c4\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a1. \u7ed9\u4eba\u4eec\u673a\u4f1a\u6295\u8d44\uff0c\u7528 tech \u521b\u9020\uff1b2. \u8d77\u5230\u7f13\u51b2\u5668\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e94\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u707e\u5bb3 crisis etc<\/p>\n<p>Saving \u521b\u9020\u4e86\u8d44\u672c\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u4f7f\u751f\u4ea7\u6269\u5927\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u50a8\u84c4\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u7f8e\u5143\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u5f71\u54cd\u8981\u5927\u4e8e\u6d88\u8d39\u6389\u4e00\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>Chapter 5 Service, Money, and Comparative Advantage<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7\u50a8\u84c4\u3001\u8d37\u6b3e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u62d3\u5bbd\u6295\u8d44\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6269\u5f20\u5546\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Service\uff1a\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u5c42\u6b21\u5230\u8fbe\u4e00\u5b9a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u4e1a\u5e94\u7136\u800c\u751f\uff08\u53a8\u5e08\uff0c\u6559\u57f9\uff09<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Money\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5982\u5f53\u5236\u77db\u5e08\u5411\u53a8\u5e08\u4e70\u996d\uff0c\u800c\u53a8\u5e08\u4e0d\u8bb8\u8981\u4e70\u77db\u65f6\uff0c\u8d27\u5e01\uff08\u9c7c\uff09\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u666e\u9002\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u5a92\u4ecb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Comparative Advantages\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53d1\u6325\u4e0d\u540c\u804c\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u64c5\u957f\u4f53\u529b\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u642c\u8fd0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9c7c\uff0c\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u642c\u8fd0\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u56e0\u6b64\u6323\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u94b1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Tech &amp; Productivity\uff1a\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u7814\u53d1\u65b0\u7684 devices\uff0c\u7528\u8f66\u8fd0\u8f93\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4eba\u529b\u8fd0\u8f93\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387 productivity\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\uff0c\u5229\u6da6\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\u662f\u4e2a\u5355\u5411\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4eba\u4eec\u5931\u5fc6\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u5347\u4f1a\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u3002\u4ef7\u683c\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u6301\u7eed\u964d\u4f4e\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u8fd8\u7ed9\u4eba\u4eec\u66f4\u591a\u7a7a\u95f4\u50a8\u84c4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Employment: \u52b3\u52a8\u4ef7\u503c\u901a\u5e38\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8d44\u672c\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u5982\u63a8\u571f\u673a\u63a8\u7684\u571f\u6bd4\u4eba\u94f2\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u626e\u6f14\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff1a<\/li>\n<li>\u5236\u9020\u6e14\u7f51\u7684\u4eba\uff1a\u521b\u65b0\u8005\u627f\u62c5\u98ce\u9669, start you own business<\/li>\n<li>\u8d37\u6b3e\u4e70\u9c7c\u7f51\u7684\u4eba\uff1a\u52a0\u6760\u6746\u627f\u62c5\u98ce\u9669<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3a\u6709\u6e14\u7f51\u7684\u4eba\u6253\u5de5\u7684\u4eba\uff1a\u6253\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u98ce\u9669\u4f4e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8d44\u6807\u51c6\uff1a\u653f\u5ba2\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8d44\u5236\u5ea6\u4f7f\u5458\u5de5\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u6743\u76ca\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5265\u524a\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u83b7\u5f97\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002\u5982\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8d44\u4e3a \uffe58\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6548\u7387\u53ea\u503c\u5f97 \uffe56\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u5931\u4e1a\uff0c\u5458\u5de5\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6743\u529b\u88ab\u5265\u593a\u4e86\u3002\u653f\u5ba2\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u6743\u76ca\uff0c\u5982\u533b\u4fdd\u3001\u4ea7\u5047\u7b49\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76\u672a\u7ed9\u5458\u5de5\u63d0\u4f9b\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u8ba9\u5458\u5de5\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff08\u4e3b\u52a8\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u5de5\u8d44\u53bb\u4e70\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u76ca\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u653f\u5ba2\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u53ef\u80fd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u793e\u4f1a\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Deflation \u901a\u7f29\uff1a\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u901a\u8d27\u7d27\u7f29\u662f\u5f53\u4eca\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u4e2d\u6700\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u518c\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u901a\u7f29\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e26\u6765\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u4f5c\u8005\u6b64\u524d\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5f53efficiency\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u4ef7\u683c\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5fc5\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u201c\u901a\u7f29\u201d\u3002\u5373\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u7387\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u4f1a\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4ef7\u683c\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u597d\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u6d88\u8d39\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u901a\u7f29\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u613f\u6d88\u8d39\uff08\u4ef7\u683c\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0b\u964d\uff0cspiral accelerate\u7684\u8d1f\u5411\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4eba\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u6d88\u8d39\uff0c\u4ef7\u683c\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4f1a\u51cf\u5f31\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8d77\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u6d88\u8d39\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u529d\u8bf4\u4eba\u4eec\u6d88\u8d39\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u732b\u65cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u60f3\u8981\u67d0\u6837\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6709\u7406\u7531\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5546\u54c1\u4e0d\u591f\u597d\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u4e70\u4e0d\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u5ba3\u4f20\u901a\u7f29\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u901a\u7f29\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u7684\u597d\u670b\u53cb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Chapter 6 What does Saving do?<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Banker create a location, the bank, to accumulate indiviudal&#8217;s saving. \u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u5728\u5bb6\u5b58\u653e\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u9c7c\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u628a\u9c7c\u5b58\u5230\u94f6\u884c\u3002\u94f6\u884c\u540c\u65f6\u7528\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u50a8\u84c4\u653e\u8d37\uff0c\u6323\u8d37\u6b3e\u5229\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u50a8\u6237\uff1aBanker \u4e3a\u50a8\u6237\u652f\u4ed8\u5229\u606f\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u94b1\u5b58\u5230\u94f6\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u50a8\u6237\u5b58\u7684\u8d8a\u4e45\uff0cBanker \u7ed9\u50a8\u6237\u7684\u5229\u7387\u5c31\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a bank \u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u9c7c\uff08\u94b1\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u623f\u8d37\u6b3e\u00b7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u653e\u6b3e\uff1a\u653e\u8d37\u6b3e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cBanker \u9009\u62e9\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u501f\u6b3e\u4eba\uff0c\u6536\u53d6\u4f4e\u5229\u7387\u3002\u5bf9\u98ce\u9669\u9ad8\u7684\u501f\u6b3e\u4eba\uff0c\u6536\u53d6\u9ad8\u5229\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9c7c\u5b58\u91cf\u591a\uff0cbank \u4f1a\u4e3b\u52a8\u964d\u4f4e\u5229\u7387\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a bank \u627f\u62c5\u635f\u5931\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6bd4\u8f83\u5f3a\u3002\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u50a8\u84c4\u8fc7\u91cf\uff0c\u94f6\u884c\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5438\u5f15\u65b0\u7684\u50a8\u84c4\uff0c\u8d37\u6b3e\u5229\u7387\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u5b58\u6b3e\u5229\u7387\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e5f\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6291\u5236\u4e86\u50a8\u84c4\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u65e6\u50a8\u84c4\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u94f6\u884c\u60f3\u8981\u5438\u5f15\u66f4\u591a\u50a8\u84c4\uff0c\u7ed9\u66f4\u591a\u5229\u7387\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u4f4e\uff0c\u653e\u8d37\u6b3e\u4e5f\u8981charge more interests\u3002<\/li>\n<li>bank \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u95f4\u91d1\u878d\u673a\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 equilibrium<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Fund\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u94f6\u884c\u5438\u5f15\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u94b1\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u653e\u8d37\u7ed9\u76f8\u5bf9\u98ce\u9669\u4f4e\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u50a8\u84c4\u8005\uff08\u6295\u8d44\u8005\uff09\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5982\uff1a\u6709\u70b9\u4eba\u80fd\u627f\u62c5\u66f4\u591a\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u60f3\u628a\u9c7c\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6323\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u3002\u6709\u70b9\u9879\u76ee\u98ce\u9669\u9ad8\uff0c\u94f6\u884c\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u7ed9\u653e\u8d37\u6b3e\u3002\u6b64\u65f6 Fund \u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3 individual \u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u504f\u597d\u7684\u94b1\uff0c\u628a\u94b1\u6295\u7ed9\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u9884\u671f\u6536\u76ca\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u66f4\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fed\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d22\u653f\u90e8\u7684\u5ef6\u7533\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u5236\u5b9a\u57fa\u51c6\u5229\u7387\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u5229\u7387\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u57fa\u51c6\u5229\u7387\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u3002Fed \u88ab\u6388\u4e88\u8fd9\u79cd\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5728\u7e41\u8363\u671f\u548c\u8427\u6761\u671f\u80fd\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f3a\u9677\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u9700\u5047\u8bbeFed \u7684\u4eba\u66f4\u4e86\u89e3\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 ffr \u6765\u8c03\u6574\u5e02\u573a\uff0c<\/li>\n<li>Fed \u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u57fa\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u4f4e\u5229\u7387\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u5e02\u573a\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4f4e\u5229\u7387\u8fd8\u80fd\u5e2e\u65f6\u4efb\u603b\u7edf\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u591a\u652f\u6301\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u523a\u6fc0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cFed \u5728 covid \u4e4b\u524d\u5927\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u6267\u884c\u4f4e\u5229\u7387\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u63a8\u52a8\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\u957f\u671f\u4fdd\u6301\u4f4e\u5229\u7387\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e02\u573a\u6574\u4f53\u5229\u7387\u4f4e\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u4e0d\u5230\u50a8\u84c4\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u6536\u76ca\u5c11\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u523a\u6fc0\u4e86 loan \uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Chapter 7 Infrastructure &amp; Business<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Infrastrucutre Investment\n<p>\u4eba\u4eec\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u7f3a\u5c11\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\uff08\u5982\u6ca1\u6709\u6c34\u6e90\uff0c\u6ca1\u8def\uff09\uff0c\u5c9b\u6c11\u60f3\u5bfb\u6c42\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c9b\u6c11\u51b3\u5b9a\u878d\u8d44\u5efa\u81ea\u6765\u6c34\u5382\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u89e3\u51b3\u5f53\u5730\u7f3a\u6c34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u81ea\u6765\u6c34\u5382\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u53ef\u4ee5\u507f\u8fd8\u8d37\u6b3e\u548c\u5229\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u5efa\u6295\u8d44 infrastructure \u4e0d\u5149\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8d37\u6b3e\u80fd\u507f\u8fd8\uff0c\u8fd8\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7387\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u63a8\u5347\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u53d1\u8d77\u65f6\uff0c\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u4f1a\u6743\u8861 opportunities cost\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf\u94b1\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u6295\u8d44\u81ea\u6765\u6c34\u5382\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u6765\u6295\u8d44\u5176\u4ed6\u9879\u76ee\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u6295\u8d44\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u5c31\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u548cgov\uff08\u4f5c\u4e3a social planner\uff09\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Business and Trading &#8211; (Comparative Advantages)<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u57fa\u5efa\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u4e5f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u3002\u5c9b\u5c7f\u5c9b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f00\u59cb\u4ea7\u751f\u8d38\u6613\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5c9b\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u8fc7\u5269\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u51fa\u53e3\uff0c\u521a\u597d\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5c9b\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e9b\u4ea7\u54c1\u6709\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c9b\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u4f1a\u5229\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5b9e\u73b0\u5229\u76ca\u6700\u5927\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728 international trading \uff08\u5c9b\u4e0e\u5c9b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u6325\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 comparative advantage<\/p>\n<p>In reality, \u5728\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u4e2d\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u8003\u8651\u4f1a\u4f7f\u60c5\u51b5\u53d8\u5f97\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u5982\uff1a\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u8005\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u5c97\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u6d77\u5916\u7ade\u4e89\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u9650\u5236\u4f4e\u4ef7\u5546\u54c1\u8fdb\u53e3\uff0c\u4f7f\u672c\u56fd\u4ea7\u54c1\u5728\u672c\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u4efb\u6709\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u662f in this case\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u8005\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e86\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4fa7\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9700\u6c42\u4fa7\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u627f\u53d7\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\u3002Deadweight loss \u4ea7\u751f\u4e86 \uff08Economics 101\uff09<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Chapter 8 How the Government Forms<\/h4>\n<p>\u5c9b\u4e0a\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u6ca1\u6709\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f53\u6709\u5916\u654c\u5165\u4fb5\u65f6\uff0cindividuals \u72ec\u81ea\u5f80\u5f80\u96be\u4ee5\u9762\u5bf9\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u96c6\u4f53\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u6b64\u65f6 gov \u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\uff0c\u5c9b\u6c11\u51b3\u5b9a\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u4eba\u6c11\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u65e0\u6743\u5265\u593a\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c9b\u6c11\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u9009\u51fa leader \u6765\u505a\u51b3\u7b56\u3002Assume \u5c9b\u4e0a\u7684 gov\u4e2d\uff0c\u753112\u540d\u8bae\u5458\u7ec4\u6210\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u540d\u80fd\u884c\u4f7f\u884c\u653f\u6743\u529b\u7684\u8bae\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ef4\u62a4\u793e\u4f1a\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u5c9b\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6743\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u548c\u8d22\u4ea7\u6743\uff0c\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u6cd5\u9662\u4f53\u7cfb\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6210\u7acb\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c0f\u961f\u6267\u884c\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u6cd5\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>gov \u5efa\u7acb\u56fd\u9632\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c9b\u6c11\u540c\u610f\u6bcf\u5e74\u7f34\u7eb3\u4e00\u4e9b\u9c7c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7a0e\u6b3e\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e gov \u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u5c9b\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u82b1\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7a0e\u6b3e\u4e0d\u88ab\u4e71\u7528\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5236\u5b9a\u5baa\u6cd5\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u4e86 gov \u5e94\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u6743\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u9662\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u6cd5\u5b98\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ef4\u62a4\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u5e76\u7763\u4fc3\u8bae\u5458\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u5e9c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u653f\u5e9c\u7528\u7a0e\u8d39\u96c7\u4f63\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u706f\u5854\u770b\u5b88\u3001\u6cbb\u5b89\u5b98\u3001\u6cd5\u5b98\u3001\u6d77\u519b\u6868\u624b\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u660e\u767d\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5411\u653f\u5e9c\u7eb3\u7a0e\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u804c\u4f4d\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5403\u996d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7f34\u7a0e\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u5458\u90fd\u5403\u4e0d\u4e0a\u996d\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>Chapter 9 Evolution of the Govenment<\/h4>\n<p>\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u7a33\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7387\u9010\u6e10\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u5c42\u6b21\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u90e8\u5206labour\u8f6c\u53bb\u505a\u670d\u52a1\u4e1a\u6216\u8005\u65b0\u578b\u4ea7\u4e1a\uff0c\u5982\u88c5\u4fee\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u5deb\u533b\u533b\u9662\u3001\u5267\u9662 etc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u653f\u5e9c\u6362\u5c4a\u65f6\uff0c\u8bae\u5458\u4e3a\u4e86\u83b7\u5f97\u9009\u7968\uff0c\u6f14\u8bb2\u8bf4\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u94b1\uff08\u6536\u5165\u3001\u7a0e\u6536\u3001\u9c7c\uff09\uff0c\u5c9b\u4e0a\u7684 saving \u50a8\u84c4\u6c60\u4e0d\u591f\u653f\u5e9c\u5b8c\u6210\u652f\u51fa\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u51b3\u5b9a\u53d1\u884c\u201c\u9c7c\u8054\u90a6\u50a8\u5907\u5238\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u53bb bank \u81ea\u7531\u5151\u6362\u9c7c\u7684\u7eb8\u5e01\uff0c\u4e00\u5757\u94b1 = \u4e00\u6761\u9c7c\u3002 \u653f\u5e9c\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u7eb8\u5e01\u7684\u53d1\u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u51b3\u5b9a\u653f\u5e9c\u652f\u51fa\u4e86\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u4ee5\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7eb8\u5e01\u81ea\u7531\u5151\u6362\u9c7c\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7eb8\u5e01\u4ea4\u6613\u5546\u54c1\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9c7c\u5c31\u50cf\u9ec4\u91d1\uff0c\u7eb8\u5e01\u5c31\u50cf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Days later\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u8d85\u53d1\u4e86\u7eb8\u5e01\u7528\u4e8e\u8d22\u653f\u652f\u51fa\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u7a0e\u6536\u6536\u5165\uff08\u771f\u5f88\u6b63\u7684\u9c7c\uff09\u6765pay the fiscal expenditures\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7528\u7eb8\u5e01pay\u3002\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u7eb8\u5e01\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u591a\u8fc7saving \u9c7c\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4e00\u5757\u94b1\u7eb8\u5e01\u80fd\u6362\u4e00\u6761\u9c7c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6bcf10\u5757\u7eb8\u5e01\u53ea\u80fd\u63629\u6761\u9c7c\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff1a\u5f53\u4eba\u4eec\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u94f6\u884c\u7f8e\u5143\u8db3\u591f\u7684saving\u9c7c\u7528\u6765\u5151\u6362\u7eb8\u5e01\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4eba\u4eec\u4f1a\u53bb\u6324\u5151\uff0crun\uff0c\u53bb\u94f6\u884c\u5151\u6362\u9c7c\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5151\u73b0 1-to-1 \u7684\u627f\u8bfa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u653f\u5e9c\u8981\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684saving \u9c7c\uff0c\u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u5151\u6362\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u653f\u5e9c\u8d85\u53d1\u7eb8\u5e01\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53bb\u6324\u5151\u3002<\/p>\n<p>In the story\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u7814\u5236\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u9c7c\u62c6\u5206\u91cd\u7ec4\uff0c\u7528\u4e24\u6761\u9c7c\u5236\u9020\u4e09\u6761\u9c7c\uff08\u9c7c\u53d8\u5c0f\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53d8\u591a\u4e86\uff09\u7528\u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u7eb8\u5e01\u5151\u6362\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u518d\u62c5\u5fc3\u6324\u5151\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u8086\u610f\u7684\u5370\u94b1\uff0c\u6b3a\u9a97\u4eba\u4eec\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684 saving \u505a\u652f\u6491\u653f\u5e9c\u505a\u6295\u8d44\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In reality, \u7f8e\u8054\u50a8\u65e9\u671f\u5efa\u7acb\u5e03\u96f7\u987f\u68ee\u6797\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a35\u7f8e\u5143\u53ef\u4ee5\u5151\u63621\u76ce\u53f8\u9ec4\u91d1\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7f8e\u5143\u4e0d\u65ad\u8d85\u53d1\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u7f8e\u56fd\u50a8\u5907\u7684\u9ec4\u91d1\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ef4\u6301 1 \u76ce\u53f8\u91d1 = 35 dollar \u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u6324\u5151\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u963b\u6b62\u63d0\u6b3e\uff0c\u5982\u9650\u5236\u5151\u6362\u9ec4\u91d1\u7684\u94f6\u884c\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u79c1\u4eba\u5151\u6362\u9ec4\u91d1\u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u8131\u94a9\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u80fd\u963b\u6b62\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u5e03\u96f7\u987f\u68ee\u6797\u4f53\u7cfb\u74e6\u89e3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Chapter 10 Fish Shrinks with Money Printed<\/h4>\n<p>\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u65ad\u7528\u62fc\u63a5\u9c7c\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6765\u5236\u9020 saving \uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7a0e\u6536\uff0c\u6216\u8005output\u5e26\u6765\u7684saving\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5370\u94b1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7government spending \u5236\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\uff08\u65e0\u7528\uff0c\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684 bullsit jobs\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5c31\u4e1a\uff0c\u7ed9\u4eba\u4eec\u53d1\u5de5\u8d44\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u793e\u4f1a\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u9009\u7968\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5b9e\u529b\u5f97\u5230\u5ef6\u7eed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u9c7c\u62fc\u63a5\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f7f 2\u6761\u9c7c &#8211; 4\u6761 &#8211; 8\u6761 -16\u6761 etc\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6570\u91cf\u53d8\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9c7c\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3001\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4eba\u4eec\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u7eb8\u5e01\u80fd\u6362\u7684\u9c7c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u7269\u4ef7\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0a\u6da8\u5df2\u5f25\u8865\u635f\u5931\u7684\u8425\u517b\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u901a\u80c0\u95ee\u9898\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u751f\u4ea7\u7387\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7269\u4ef7\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8d85\u53d1\u7684\u8d27\u5e01 deduct that\u3002\u7269\u4ef7\u4e0a\u6da8\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u5316\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u8d85\u53d1\u8d27\u5e01\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u5c31\u4e1a\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u5f88\u591ainefficient \u65e0\u6548\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u7ed9\u4eba\u4eec\u53d1\u5de5\u8d44\uff0c\u6da8\u5de5\u8d44\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u4ea7\u51fa\uff08\u6355\u9c7c\u6570\u91cf\u6ca1\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u62fc\u63a5\u53d8\u591a\u4e86\uff09\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u968f\u8d85\u53d1\u8d27\u5e01\u7684\u8282\u594f\uff0c\u901a\u80c0\u95ee\u9898\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u3002\u7269\u4ef7\u4e0a\u6da8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u4eec\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\u901a\u80c0\u95ee\u9898\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u9c7c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u901a\u80c0\u771f\u6b63\u4f24\u5bb3\u7684\u662f\u9700\u8981\u517b\u8001\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b58\u7684\u7eb8\u5e01\u80fd\u6362\u9c7c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c0f\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u80c0\u95ee\u9898\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u628a\u7eb8\u5e01\u82b1\u4e86\u4e70\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b58\u94b1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u94b1\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e0d\u503c\u94b1\u4e86\u3002\u901a\u80c0\u6291\u5236\u4e86\u50a8\u84c4\u3002\u50a8\u84c4\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u94b1\u4e5f\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5728\u840e\u7f29\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u524a\u51cf\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u5931\u4e1a\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\u65b0\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u9009\u4e3e\u6765\u4e34\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u7ade\u9009\u8005\u8bb8\u8bfa\u8981\u7528 helicopter drop \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ed9\u4eba\u4eec\u53d1\u94b1\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u6d88\u8d39\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9009\u4e3e\u53e3\u53f7\u8fce\u5408\u4e86\u5927\u4f17\uff0c\u5f53\u9009\uff0c\u53d1\u94b1\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a output resulted saving \u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u5370\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u94b1\uff0c\u901a\u80c0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u66f4\u52a0\u4e25\u91cd\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In reality, espeically Keasian Economists \u5370\u94b1\u6765\u89e3\u51b3 recession \u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86 stagflation\uff0c\u901a\u80c0\u548c\u5931\u4e1a\u540c\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\n<p>\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5931\u4e1a\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u6c42\u4f1a\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u7269\u4ef7\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u901a\u80c0\u95ee\u9898\u7f13\u89e3\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u56de\u5230\u52a8\u6001\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u5931\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u4e5f\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u4f9b\u7ed9\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u7269\u4ef7\u4e5f\u4e0a\u5347\u4e86\u3002\u4ef7\u683c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a unemployment \u56de\u843d\uff0c\u56e0\u5370\u94b1\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u901a\u80c0\u4e0d\u80fd\u7f13\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Chapter 11 External Player<\/h4>\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\u5047\u60f3\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u201c\u4e2d\u5c9b\u5e1d\u56fd\u201d\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\uff08\u4eba\uff09labour\uff0c\u66f4\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u6355\u9c7c\uff0c\u4e0a\u7f34\uff08\u7f34\u7a0e\uff09\u3002\u6c11\u4f17\u5a92\u4f53\u53ea\u80fd\u5403\u5230\u534a\u6761\u9c7c\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56fd\u738b\u548c\u5b98\u5458\u6bcf\u5929\u80fd\u5403\u5230\u53f7\u7ebf\u3002\u4e2d\u5c9b\u5e1d\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u50a8\u84c4\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u94f6\u884c\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u4fe1\u8d37\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5904\u4e8e\u9ed1\u6697\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6ca1\u6709\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u5c9b\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u738b\u5f97\u77e5\u7f8e\u7d22\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5c9b\u540e\uff0c\u6253\u7b97\u5b66\u4e60\u94f6\u884c\u3001\u501f\u8d37\u548c\u8d38\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4ee5\u6b64\u5e2e\u52a9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5c9b\u5bcc\u88d5\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8d27\u5e01\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4e2d\u5c9b\u5e1d\u56fd\u5f00\u59cb\u7528\u9c7c\u6362\u7f8e\u7d22\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5c9b\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d27\u5e01\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u968f\u65f6\u5728\u7f8e\u7d22\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5c9b\u6362\u53d6\u9c7c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fbf\u6377\u4ea4\u6613\u3002\u53cc\u65b9\u7b7e\u8ba2\u5408\u7ea6\uff0c\u4e2d\u5c9b\u5e1d\u56fd\u5b9a\u671f\u63d0\u4f9b\u9c7c\uff0c\u6362\u53d6\u7f8e\u7d22\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5c9b\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5c9b\u5e1d\u56fd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7528\u6362\u53d6\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\uff0c\u4e70\u7f8e\u7d22\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5c9b\u4e0a\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5c9b\u5e1d\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u94f6\u884c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u628a\u8d27\u5e01\u5b58\u5728\u7f8e\u5c9b\u6323\u53d6\u5229\u7387\u6536\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f8e\u7d22\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5c9b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u5c9b\u7684\u8d2d\u4e70\u529b\u6765\u4e70\u7f8e\u5c9b\u7684\u5546\u54c1\uff0c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u5c9b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u5c9b\u5b58\u5165\u94f6\u884c\u7684\u9c7c\u4f7f\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u8d37\u6b3e\u5927\u5e45\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5c9b\u4e0a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b9e\u7269\u8d44\u672c\uff0c\u5df2\u652f\u6491\u5c9b\u5185\u8d85\u53d1\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u771f\u9c7c\u51fa\u73b0\u4f7f\u8d27\u5e01\u6362\u6765\u7684\u9c7c\u7684\u8089\u53d8\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u8d27\u5e01\u6709\u4e86\u5b9e\u7269\u7684\u652f\u6491\uff0c\u7269\u4ef7\u4e0a\u6da8\uff08\u901a\u80c0\uff09\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7f13\u89e3\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u5728\u4e2d\u5c9b\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u56fd\u738b\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u7a0e\u6536\uff0c\u5373\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0a\u4ea4\u6240\u6709\u6355\u83b7\uff0c\u53ea\u7559\u6bcf\u5929\u534a\u6761\u5403\u7684\u91cf\uff09\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u4e2d\u5c9b\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u7f8e\u5c9b\u4e70\u6e14\u7f51\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4eba\u4eec\u6355\u9c7c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6b64\u524d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4eba\u6bcf\u5929\u6355\u4e00\u6761\uff0c\u4e0a\u4ea4\u534a\u6761\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6bcf\u5929\u6355\u4e24\u6761\uff0c\u4e0a\u4ea4\u4e00\u6761\u3002win-win\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u5c9b\u7a0e\u6536\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u7528\u7a0e\u6536\u7684\u9c7c\u4e70\u7f8e\u5c9b\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\uff0c\u7528\u8d27\u5e01\u4e70\u8d44\u672c\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u6269\u5927\u751f\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9010\u6e10\u7684\u4e2d\u5c9b\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bb6\u901a\u8fc7copy past\uff0c\u548c\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e8c\u4ea7\uff0c\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u751f\u4ea7\u52fa\u5b50\u3001\u7897\u7b49\u57fa\u7840\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u518d\u628a\u4ea7\u54c1\u5356\u5230\u7f8e\u5c9b\uff0c\u6362\u53d6\u8d27\u5e01\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>Chapter 12 Evolution of Industrisation<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e2d\u5c9b\u7684\u50a8\u84c4\uff08\u9c7c\uff09\u5927\u91cf\u6d8c\u5165\u7f8e\u5c9b\u6362\u53d6\u8d27\u5e01\uff0c\u50a8\u84c4\u88ab\u5b58\u5165\u7f8e\u5c9b\u94f6\u884c\uff0c\u8d37\u6b3e\u5229\u7387\u968f\u4e4b\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u7f8e\u5c9b\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bb6\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u70ed\u60c5\u4e5f\u53d8\u5f97\u9ad8\u6da8\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7f8e\u5c9b\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5c9b\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u591a\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\uff0c\u7f8e\u5c9b\u628a\u5927\u591a\u6355\u9c7c\u548c\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\u5916\u5305\u7ed9\u4e2d\u5c9b\u3002\u800c\u7f8e\u5c9b\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u4fdd\u7559\u76f8\u5bf9localised\u670d\u52a1\u4e1a\uff0c\u548c\u9644\u52a0\u503c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u3002\u5546\u4e1a\u8ba1\u5212\u4e5f\u66f4\u52a0\u9752\u7750\u9700\u8981\u672c\u5730\u5458\u5de5\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5916\u5305\uff0c\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u5c11\uff08\u8f7b\u8d44\u672c\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u4e1a\uff09\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u57f9\u8bad\u3001\u827a\u672f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4e2d\u5c9b\uff1a\u4e2d\u5c9b\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165\u6355\u9c7c\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6355\u9c7c\u6548\u7387\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u5efa\u9020\u5f88\u591a\u5de8\u5927\u6355\u9c7c\u5668\uff08\u90e8\u5206\u6d89\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7copy past\uff09\u3002\u7f8e\u5c9b\u544a\u6cd5\u9662\u8bf4\u4e2d\u5c9b\u4fb5\u72af\u4e13\u5229\u6743\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b98\u53f8\u5728\u4e2d\u5c9b\u6253\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6253\u8d62\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u5c9b\u5458\u5de524\u5c0f\u65f6\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u75af\u72c2\u5de5\u4f5c\u6355\u9c7c\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d1\u5c55\u670d\u52a1\u4e1a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e2d\u5c9b\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u6574\u4f53\u5fd9\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u4e1a\u6709\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u5c9b\u6355\u9c7c\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\u4e86\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u7528\u6355\u7684\u9c7c\uff0c\u6362\u7f8e\u5c9b\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\u3002\u4e3a\u7f8e\u5c9b\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9e\u7269\u8f93\u8840\u3002\u4e2d\u5c9b\u7684\u4eba\u76f8\u4fe1\u8d27\u5e01\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ea7\u51fa\u548c\u50a8\u84c4\uff0c\u800c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u9001\u5f80\u7f8e\u5c9b\u7684\u9c7c\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u586b\u8865\u7f8e\u5c9b\u8d85\u53d1\u8d27\u5e01\u7684\u7a9f\u7abf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In reality,<\/p>\n<p>\u8fc7\u53bb20\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5931\u8861\uff08\u5373\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d38\u6613\u9006\u5dee\uff09\u53d8\u4e3a\u5e38\u6001\u3002\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u51c0\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5b9e\u7269\u751f\u4ea7\u8f6c\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\uff0c\u800c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5728\u7528\u5b9e\u7269\u751f\u4ea7\u6362\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u5143\u50a8\u5907\u8d27\u5e01\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u8d38\u6613\u9006\u5dee\u7684\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u5bf9\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u5185\u5728\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u957f\u671f\u7ef4\u6301\u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8d38\u91d1\u5dee\u989d\u548c\u8d27\u5e01\u4ef7\u503c\u5e94\u8be5\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u52a8\u6001\u5e73\u8861equilibrium\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4e00\u56fd\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u66f4\u5f3a\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u591a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u6709\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f3a\u52bf\u7684\u8d38\u6613\u5730\u4f4d\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f\u4e00\u56fd\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\u575a\u633a\uff0c\u5f31\u52bf\u8d38\u6613\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d27\u5e01\u5c31\u4f1a\u8d2c\u503c\u3002\u8d27\u5e01\u575a\u633a\u5347\u503c\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u4e5f\u53d8\u9ad8\u4e86\uff0c\u9700\u6c42\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u8d27\u5e01\u4ef7\u503c\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u964d\u4e0b\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u6b64\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u7f8e\u8d27\u5e01\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684peg\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u673a\u5236\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>Chapter 13 The Breach of &#8220;Gold\/Fish&#8221; Standard<\/h4>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u6709\u4e2d\u5c9b\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u771f\u9c7c\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u7f8e\u5c9b\u4ecd\u5728\u8d85\u989d\u5370\u94b1\u3002\u5f00\u59cb\u6709\u5916\u5c9b\u7684\u4eba\u8d28\u7591\u7f8e\u5c9b\u8d27\u5e01\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u8d28\u7591\u662f\u5426\u8d27\u5e01\u80fd\u5151\u6362\u771f\u9c7c\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u53bb\u7f8e\u5c9b\u94f6\u884c\u5151\u6362\u771f\u9c7c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u5c9b\u94f6\u884c\u663e\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u9c7c\u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u5151\u6362\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c10\u7ae0\u7684\u9c7c\u62fc\u63a5\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u5c9b\u653f\u5e9c\u51b3\u5b9a\u6253\u7834\u9c7c\u548c\u8d27\u5e01\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6682\u505c\u4e86\u94f6\u884c\u5151\u6362\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u201c\u9c7c\u672c\u4f4d\u201d\u74e6\u89e3\u3002\u7f8e\u5c9b\u8d27\u5e01\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5373\u4f7f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u7f8e\u5c9b\u8d27\u5e01\u5728\u5c9b\u4e0e\u5c9b\uff08\u56fd\u9645\uff09\u95f4\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>In reality\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740Bretton Woods\u7684\u74e6\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>Chatper 14 How Housing Price Increases?<\/h4>\n<p>\u94f6\u884c\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u6295\u8d44\u670d\u52a1\u4e1a\uff0c\u4e1a\u52a1\u98ce\u9669\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u66f4\u613f\u610f\u5bfb\u627e\u7a33\u59a5\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u68da\u5c4b\u8d37\u6b3e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u68da\u5c4b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5929\u70ed\u7684\u62b5\u62bc\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u524d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u50a8\u84c4\u5f88\u591a\u94b1\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e00\u7b14\u4e70\u68da\u5c4b\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u8d37\u6b3e\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4e70\u623f\uff0c\u8df3\u8fc7\u4e86\u50a8\u84c4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u94f6\u884c\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4eba\u505a\u6311\u9009\uff0c\u5bcc\u4eba\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u83b7\u5f97\u8d37\u6b3e\uff0c\u7a77\u4eba\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4fe1\u7528\u6216\u8fd8\u6b3e\u80fd\u529b\u8f83\u5dee\uff0c\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u6388\u4e88\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a8\u52a8\u8ba9\u66f4\u591a\u5c9b\u6c11\u83b7\u5f97\u8d37\u6b3e\uff0c\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u201c\u623f\u5229\u7f8e\u201d&amp;\u201c\u623f\u5730\u7f8e\u201d\u4e3a\u68da\u5c4b\u8d37\u6b3e\u62c5\u4fdd\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u62c5\u4fdd\uff0c\u94f6\u884c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5fc5\u62c5\u5fc3\u8d37\u6b3e\u8fdd\u7ea6\u4e86\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u964d\u4f4e\u5229\u7387\u548c\u653e\u8d37\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8d37\u6b3e\u88ab\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u94f6\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u5141\u8bb8\u201c\u4ee5\u5c0f\u6362\u5927\u201d\u8d37\u6b3e\uff0c\u4f4e\u9996\u4ed8\u548c\u68da\u5c4b\u5229\u6da6\u514d\u7a0e\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u5bf9\u68da\u5c4b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u65fa\u76db\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4fa7\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u68da\u5c4b\u88ab\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u94fe\u88ab\u5851\u9020\uff0c\u623f\u5730\u4ea7\u5438\u6536\u4e86\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4ea7\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u8d37\u6b3e\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u68da\u5c4b\u4ef7\u683c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0a\u626c\uff0c\u68da\u5c4b\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u5c5e\u6027\u63d0\u5347\u3002Price Spiral Accelerately increased\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u5c9b\u7684\u94b1\u4e5f\u6d8c\u5165\u7f8e\u5c9b\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u52a8\u68da\u5c4b\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ef7\u683c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4e0a\u6da8\u3002Bubbles Emerge<\/p>\n<h4>Chapter 15 Housing Bubble Collapses<\/h4>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5c9b\u6c11\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u5bf9\u623f\u5c4b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u7ec8\u7a76\u6709\u5c3d\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n<p>One day, \u65b0\u623f\u5f00\u59cb\u6ede\u9500\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u73b0\u623f\u5c4b\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u548c\u4ef7\u683c\u3001\u4f9b\u9700\u8131\u94a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u623f\u5c4b\u6570\u91cf\u591a\u4f59\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u771f\u662f\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4eba\u90fd\u5f00\u59cb\u60f3\u8131\u624b\uff0c\u623f\u5c4b\u4ef7\u683c\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0b\u8dcc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4e0d\u518d\u6295\u8d44\u623f\u5c4b\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u4ea7\u4e1a\u4e5f\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u5efa\u7b51\u5de5\u4eba\u3001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9662\u3001\u623f\u5904Sales\uff0c\u7535\u5668Sales\u7eb7\u7eb7\u5931\u4e1a\u3002\u770b\u4f3c\u4e0d\u76f8\u5e72\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u4e5f\u540c\u65f6\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u51b2\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0f\u5c9b\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5371\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u653f\u5e9c\u51b3\u5b9a\u5f00\u5c55\u7ecf\u6d4e\u523a\u6fc0\u63f4\u52a9\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u9996\u5148\u5411\u201c\u4e24\u623f\u201d\u6ce8\u5165\u8d44\u91d1\uff08\u5370\u94b1\uff09\uff0c\u5df2\u4fdd\u8bc1\u623f\u4ea7\u6709\u62b5\u62bc\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53d1\u6d88\u8d39\u5238\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u5e0c\u671b\u6301\u7eed\u653e\u677e\u4fe1\u8d37\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e02\u573a\u5bf9\u623f\u4ea7\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u4ef7\u683c\u4e0b\u70b9\u3002\u4f46\u663e\u7136\u7531\u4e8e\u4f9b\u6c42\u5931\u8861\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u68da\u5c4b\u4ef7\u683c\u66b4\u8dcc\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u6ca1\u6709\u4ee5\u524d\u5bcc\u88d5\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u505c\u6b62\u6d88\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5370\u94b1\u663e\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u6839\u90e8\u7ec4\u7ec7 bubble  collapses \u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7f8e\u5c9b\u653f\u5e9c\u5e0c\u671b\u5bfb\u6c42\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9c7c\u6ce8\u5165\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\uff0c\u652f\u6491\u8d85\u989d\u5370\u94b1\uff0c\u5df2\u5f25\u8865\u623f\u4ea7\u5e02\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8e\u662f\u7f8e\u5c9b\u5f00\u59cb\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5356\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u57fa\u5efa\u4ea7\u4e1a\uff0c\u5982\u5356\u6389\u81ea\u6765\u6c34\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6362\u53d6\u9c7c\u3002\u4f46\u7f8e\u5c9b\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u8868\u793a\u5982\u6b64\u505a\u4f1a\u5a01\u80c1\u5230\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u8ba9\u6838\u5fc3\u4ea7\u4e1a\u79bb\u5f00\u81ea\u5df1\u638c\u63a7\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6b64\u505a\u6cd5\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u53ea\u662f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u523a\u6fc0\u63f4\u52a9\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u6ca1\u80fd\u505a\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u5584\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>Chapter 16 The Scenario Gets Even Worse<\/h4>\n<p>\u5c9b\u56fd\u623f\u4ea7\u884c\u4e1a\u5d29\u584c\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u505c\u6ede\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u4efb\u653f\u5e9c\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u53d8\u9769\u201d\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u62ff\u5230\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u9009\u7968\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u6269\u5927\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u523a\u6fc0\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u65b0\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5c06\u65b0\u5370\u5237\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\u6ce8\u5165\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u52a9\u5b66\u8d37\u6b3e\uff0c\u5f00\u5c55\u8d85\u91cf\u57fa\u5efa\u5efa\u8bbe\u5e76\u96c7\u7528\u4eba\u5458\u8fd0\u7ef4\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u65b0\u80fd\u6e90\u7b49\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u7f8e\u5c9b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u9c7c\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u80cc\u540e\u90fd\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u5916\u56fd\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u7f8e\u5c9b\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9009\u62e9\uff1a1. \u51cf\u5c11\u6d88\u8d39\uff0c\u7528\u50a8\u84c4\u8fd8\u503a\u30022. \u589e\u5927\u4ea7\u91cf\uff0c\u5356\u6389\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u8d27\u7269\u8fd8\u503a\u30023. \u8ffd\u52a0\u8d37\u6b3e\uff0c\u65c1\u6c0f\u9a97\u5c40\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u73b0\u6709\u6d88\u8d39\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u524d\u4e8c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7f8e\u5c9b\u4eba\u201c\u5403\u82e6\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2aoption\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba9\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u4e70\u65b0\u503a\u6765\u8f6c\u5ac1\u503a\u52a1\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u7f8e\u5c9b\u7684\u5b98\u5458\u9009\u62e9\u4e863\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Author&#8217;s View: \u4e00\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u800c\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u5e26\u52a8\u4eba\u4eec\u6d88\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>Chapter 17 IMF &amp; PIGS<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e0e\u7f8e\u5c9b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5267\u60c5\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u201c\u5c0f\u201d\u7684\u5c9b\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u91cf\u66f4\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7f8e\u5c9b\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u4ea4\u6613\u4e2d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002\u5c0f\u5c9b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9010\u6b65\u5d29\u6e83\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5371\u673a\u3002\u6b64\u65f6IMF\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u591a\u56fd\u51fa\u8d44\u7ec4\u5efa\u7684\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u4e3a\u5c0f\u5c9b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7f8e\u5c9b\u8d27\u5e01\uff08\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6700\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\uff09\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5e2e\u52a9\u5c0f\u5c9b\u5ea6\u8fc7\u5371\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>IMF\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u63f4\u52a9\u8d37\u6b3e\u5229\u606f\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u9700\u8981\u771f\u662f\u7684\u9c7c\uff08output\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u5230\u671f\u507f\u8fd8\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0cIMF\u5f3a\u5236\u5c0f\u5c9b\u653f\u5e9c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u201c\u521a\u6027\u201d\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0e\u6536\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u653f\u5e9c\u652f\u51fa\u7b49\u3002\u6b64\u8ba1\u5212\u88ab\u5f53\u5730\u5c45\u6c11\u5f3a\u70c8\u62b5\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c45\u6c11\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5c9b\u5c7f\u88ab\u4e0d\u6000\u597d\u610f\u7684\u5916\u5c9b\u4eba\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Another Real-world Scenario<\/p>\n<p>2010\u5e74\uff0cPIGS\u65f6\u9677\u5165\u503a\u52a1\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6b27\u76df\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ef4\u7cfb\u7740\u4e30\u539a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u503a\u52a1\u6c34\u5e73\u8fdc\u8d85\u672c\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u653f\u5e9c\u60f3\u7528\u91cf\u5316\u5bbd\u677e\u653f\u7b56\u6765\u4fee\u590d\u840e\u9761\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u4f01\u56fe\u7528\u6c7d\u6cb9\u53bb\u6551\u706b\uff0c\u6c7d\u6cb9\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u706b\u52bf\u8d8a\u65fa\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>Chapter 18 What Does\/Did CB do?<\/h4>\n<p>\u7f8e\u5c9bQE\uff0cCB\u5f00\u59cbOperation Squish\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c06\u957f\u671f\u8054\u90a6\u8d37\u6b3e\u66ff\u6362\u77ed\u671f\u7684\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd8\u6b3e\u671f\u9650\u5ef6\u957f\u3002\u867d\u7136\u59cb\u7ec8\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u662f\u7684\u9c7c\uff08output\uff09\u505a\u652f\u6491\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6c11\u4f17\u88ab\u201c\u65e0\u9650\u671f\u503a\u201d\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u6b63\u5411\u7684\u9884\u671f\uff0c\u8be5\u8ba1\u5212\u518d\u6b21\u77ed\u671f\u62ac\u9ad8\u4e86\u623f\u4ef7\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8ffd\u6c42\u8d8b\u52bf\u518d\u6b21\u6295\u5165\u8d44\u91d1\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cCB\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3a\u5e02\u573a\u5e26\u6765\u771f\u6b63\u7684output\uff0c\u5f53\u623f\u4ef7\u66b4\u8dcc\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u5e78\u514d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>In reality,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>at the end of 2008, CB conducted QE, purchasing about 2 triilion USD debts (Open Market Operation).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>2010Q1, after CB reduces purchasing, the stock market collasped. CB conducted the second round of QE , and was coined as &#8220;Monetaisation of those Debts&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>2011Q2Q3, after the end of the second round QE, Fed did Operation Twist, replacing short-term debt with long-term ones. That conduction results in the booming housing market, but is less helpful for the &#8220;real&#8221; term economy. Stock price hiked but employment went worse.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Chapter 19 The End<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e2d\u5c9b\u9010\u6b65\u6253\u9020\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5185\u5faa\u73af\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7cfb\u540e\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u7f8e\u5c9b\u53d1\u884c\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u4e0e\u7f8e\u5c9b\u8131\u94a9\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u4e2d\u5c9b\u9010\u6b65\u51cf\u5c11\u5411\u7f8e\u5c9b\u8f93\u9001output\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u6362\u8d27\u5e01\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u5c9b\u7ee7\u7eed\u6355\u9c7c\u3001\u5236\u9020\u5546\u54c1\u3001\u50a8\u84c4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5176\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4e2d\u5c9b\u4e5f\u672a\u9677\u5165\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5371\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u7f8e\u5c9b\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fc7\u5ea6\u53d1\u5c55\u670d\u52a1\u4e1a\u548c\u91d1\u878d\u4e1a\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u9010\u6e10\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u5236\u9020\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\uff0c\u548c\u66f4\u5c11\u7684output\uff0c\u901a\u80c0\u66f4\u52a0\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u949e\u7968\u8d2c\u503c\u3001\u5546\u54c1\u7a00\u7f3a\u3001\u7269\u4ef7\u98de\u6da8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u5c9b\u5e26\u7740\u5927\u6279\u7684\u9c7c&amp;\u8d27\u5e01\u6765\u7f8e\u5c9b\u91c7\u8d2d\uff0c\u4e70\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u4e70\u56fa\u5b9a\u8d44\u4ea7\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u79bb\u5f00&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>In reality,<\/p>\n<p>The author summarised that \u653f\u5e9c\u603b\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u5165\u4e0d\u6577\u51fa\u800c\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6loss\u7d2f\u8ba1\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5c31\u4f1a\u9762\u4e34\u8270\u96be\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Option 1. \u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0e\u6536\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4eba\u6c11\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u7a0e\u6536\uff0c\u9ad8\u7a0e\u6536\u4f1a\u6291\u5236\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u964d\u4f4e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6d3b\u529b\u3002\u7a0e\u6536\u8fc7\u9ad8\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4f1a\u505c\u6b62\u5de9\u56fa\u8d70\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53d1\u751f\u66b4\u4e71\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Option 2. \u524a\u51cf\u653f\u5e9c\u5f00\u652f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u4eba\uff08\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u65b9\uff09\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>P.S. \u653f\u5ba2\u4e3a\u4e86\u8d62\u5f97\u9009\u4e3e\u505a\u51fa\u65e0\u6570\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u800c\u9009\u6c11\u4ece\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u7eb3\u7a0e\u4eba\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u627f\u8bfa\u4e70\u5355\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Option 3. \u653f\u5e9c\u62d2\u7edd\u7f13\u503a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u503a\u6743\u4eba\u662f\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ece\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u589e\u52a0\u7a0e\u6536\u5e76\u63a0\u593a\u56fd\u4eba\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u5931\u4fe1\u4e8e\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u653f\u5ba2\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u8fd8\u503a\u5f80\u5f80\u4ee4\u96be\u582a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u627f\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u6ca1\u6709\u507f\u4ed8\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u653f\u5ba2\u7d22\u6027\u9009\u62e9\u5370\u94b1\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u901a\u80c0\uff0c\u4f7f\u503a\u52a1\u8d2c\u503c\uff0c\u8fd8\u503a\u3002\u4f46\u4ee5\u901a\u80c0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6700\u6b21\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>by Peter D. Schiff and Andrew K. Schiff \u672c\u4e66\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5047\u8c61\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u2014\u2014\u5c0f\u5c9b\uff0c\u8bb2\u8ff0\u5f88\u591a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u9690\u55bb\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u4ece\u5e95\u5c42\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002 Good Book, but mixed with authors&#8217; personal (something fair) feelings and emotions. Chapter 1 \u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e00\u59cb Scenario 1 \u5047\u8bbe\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c9b\u4e0a\uff08\u7f8e\u7d22\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5c9b\uff0c\u540e\u7eed11\u7ae0\u4f1a\u63d0\u53ca\uff09\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u6bcf\u5929\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u4e00\u6761\u9c7c\uff0c\u81ea\u7ed9\u81ea\u8db3\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u8d27\u5e01\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u91d1\u878detc\u3002 Life = Work + Consume 24h = Working + Leisure Life = Fishing + Eating \u751f\u6d3b\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e &lt;=> \u5de5\u4f5c\uff08\u6355\u9c7c\uff09 + \u4eab\u53d7\uff08\u5403\u9c7c\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u5929\u670924\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6355\u9c7c\uff0c\u7528\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5403\u9c7c\u548c\u4eab\u53d7Leisure\u3002 Scenario 2 \u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ebaA\u7814\u5236\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6355\u9c7c\u5de5\u5177\u2014\u2014\u6e14\u7f51\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u82b1\u4e86\u4e00\u5929\u65f6\u95f4\u5236\u4f5c\u6e14\u7f51\uff0c\u4e5f\u6328\u4e86\u4e00\u5929\u997f\u3002 He takes the risks of &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/?p=5734\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u5c0f\u5c9b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5734"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5734"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5734\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5742,"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5734\/revisions\/5742"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5734"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5734"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fanyuzhao.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5734"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}